This was decided because the government and the palace of the Bogd Khan, the new political leader, were set in this city. This hugely put a brake on the development of the city that changed its name into Nislel Khuree and became the capital of the country by Khans’ law. The Manchu domination came to an end in 1911. Then, 50.000 inhabitants lived in this important administrative, religious and commercial centre. Mongolia was under Manchu domination during the 18th and 19th centuries. Its first name was Ikh Khuree, “the big camp”, then Örgöö, from the Mongolian word örgöö meaning “the palace”. The city had several names during its history. The construction work began in 1654 and finished in 1680. Raw, a supple and sensual leather impregnated with tobacco, incense. These headquarters were located on the place of the future Örgöö, which later will become Ulan Bator. Ulan Bator incense by Astier de Villatte A camp, a herd of horses. The Khalkhs khans prepared Zanabazar’s headquarters and gave him their own subjects as disciples and novices. In 1639, the Khans assembly and the noyods (lords) proclaimed Zanabazar head of State. In order to continue the Mongolian centralist policy, Tusheet Khan Gombodorj, the most influential khan among the three Khalkha khans, made his son Zanabazar the religious leader of Mongolia, in order to propagate the Buddhist religion in the country. Then, Mongolia was afraid of the booming Manchu dynasty, which was threatening to invade the Khalkha territories located in the North of the country.
The history of Ulan Bator is closely linked to the Mongolian political life in the 17th century. Mongolian people rarely use the occidental system of streets’ names and numbers, so looking for an address can turn out to be difficult.
The city is divided between nine districts, each of one composed of many sub-districts. The city is centralized around Genghis Khan Square (ex Sukhbaatar Square), where have been built a statue of the revolutionary hero Sukhbaatar and, in 2006, a colossal statue of Genghis Khan. We can easily visit the city centre by foot. To know the fauna, flora, history, traditions and customs of the Mongolian people, some rare and precious objects are exposed in several museums of the city, such as the National History Museum, the Natural History Museum or the Dinosaurs’ Museum. We can also find some cultural places, like the national circus, the drama theatre, the academy of ballet and opera. About 55 % of the gross national product comes from 30.000 enterprises, among which 70 % belong to service sector, 29 % to manufacturing sector, and 1 % to agricultural sector. It’s the cultural, political, scientific, and economic centre of the country. Ulan Bator is a modern city that mixes Soviet architecture and new buildings. Today about 1,3 million inhabitants live in Ulan Bator (45 % of the total population of Mongolia). The city was settled in this place to be close to the most sacred summit, the Bogd summit. It is surrounded by four sacred hills : Bogd Khan Uul, Chingeltei Uul, Bayanzurkh Uul, and Songino Khairkhan. It stretches over 30 kilometres (18,64 miles) from East to West, and over 15 kilometres (9,32 miles) from North to South. It’s located at a height of 1351 metres (0,84 mile), between the banks of the Selbe, the Tuul and the Uliastai Rivers, in the Southwest of the Khentii mountains. Made in Japan.Ulan Bator is the present capital of Mongolia. Keep out of reach of children and animals. Do not leave burning without supervision. Plant the stick in an incense burner or a bowl of sand. Light the end of the stick with a match, blow out the flame and leave to smoke. They alone perfectly master the four stages of production: the dosage of exclusively natural materials, precious woods, herbs, plants, vegetable resins, and perfume the kneading of the dough, pressed and worked for a long time, then left to stand for two weeks to soak up the fragrance the cutting of the dough, rolled into long, narrow ribbons, to the desired size then drying in the west wind for three days before bundling the sticks. For more than a thousand years it has been made here by the Koh-shis or Masters of Aromas, a tradition passed down from father to son. The best incense in the world is found on the island of Awaji, due to its favorable climate. Contains essences of angelica root, Indonesian patchouli, Balkan Tabacco absolute, Birch-wood, Incense, Ciste absolute, Vanilla Ambergris accord and Leather accord.
In the rough: soft leather infused with tobacco, incense, ambergris and angelica root essence.
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